@mastersthesis {832, title = {Climate Response, Age Distribution, and Fire History of a Corkbark Fir (Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica) Stand in the Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona}, volume = {Master of Science}, year = {2001}, pages = {83}, school = {University of Arizona}, address = {Tucson}, abstract = {

The southernmost known North American stand of corkbark fir (Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonaica (Merriam) Lemm.) is found in the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of Tucson, Arizona. Climate response, age distribution, and fire history were studied in this small corkbark fir stand to provide baseline information for future management. Response function analysis indicated April-June precipitation from the current growing season, April-June temperature from the current growing season, November-March precipitation prior to the growing season, and August-October precipitation from the previous growing season as the most highly correlated factor with ring-width variance. Age distritbution appeared to be a steady state. A fire chronology developed for the corkbark fir site was sused to test synchroneity of fire events with previously developed chronologies from nearby sites. Chi-squared analyses indicated significant association of fire years for all sites but not spread of fire from one site to another.

}, keywords = {age distribution, Arizona, climatology, corkbark, dendrochronology, fir stand, fire, mountains, santa catalina}, author = {June Psaltis} } @mastersthesis {548, title = {Carbon Isotopic Variations in 7 Southwestern U.S. Plants from Herbarium Collections of the Last 150 Years}, volume = {MS}, year = {1997}, school = {University of Arizona}, keywords = {Renewable Natural Resources}, author = {Pedicino, Lisa Christina} } @mastersthesis {549, title = {Precipitation seasonality recorded in D/H ratios of pinyon pine cellulose in the southwestern United States}, volume = {PhD}, year = {1997}, school = {University of Arizona}, abstract = {I assessed the paleoclimatic significance of $\delta$D values of pinon pine (Pinus edulis and P. monoyhylla) cellulose nitrate (cn) by developing, testing and applying deterministic and empirical models, in the context of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Stable isotope values of precipitation, soil water, xylem sap, leaf water, atmospheric vapor, annual and sub-annual samples of tree-ring and needle cellulose, and climatic parameters, were measured along, a gradient of decreasing summer rain in the southwestern U.S. Stable isotope composition of sap indicated depth of moisture extraction. Over the growing season in New Mexico and Arizona, where monsoon rains are important, trees shifted their water use to shallower depths. In Nevada, where summer rain is scarce, trees shifted to deeper moisture late in the growing season. Evaporation altered $\delta$D and $\delta\sp{18}$O values of precipitation inputs to soil. Only after heavy monsoons did soil water and sap isotopically resemble recent precipitation. Average precipitation $\delta$D values set the baseline for $\rm\delta D\sb{cn}$ values at each site, but interannual variations in relative humidity and precipitation amount altered wood and leaf $\rm\delta D\sb{cn}$ values, via leaf water effects. Leaf water (lw) was evaporatively enriched by seasonal moisture stress. $\rm\delta D\sb{lw}$ and $\rm\delta\sp{18}O\sb{lw}$ values were strongly correlated with relative humidity on a seasonal basis, but not on a diurnal basis. Measured $\rm\delta\sp{18}O\sb{lw}$ values fit a steady-state model, with an offset attributable to relative humidity. Measured $\rm\delta D\sb{lw}$ values were more depleted than predicted by the model, suggesting leaf water-organic matter isotopic exchange. Biochemical fractionation $\rm(\epsilon\sb{B})$ of hydrogen isotopes between leaf water and cellulose was inversely correlated with relative humidity. Empirical models based on linear regressions demonstrated significant correlations between $\rm\delta D\sb{cn}$ values and precipitation seasonality. An El Nino-Southern Oscillation signal (wood $\rm\delta D\sb{cn}$ values inversely related to winter precipitation amount) was found in New Mexico and Arizona. A summer rain signal (leaf $\rm\delta D\sb{cn}$ values inversely related to summer humidity) was found at all sites. $\rm\delta D\sb{cn}$ values of pinon needles in packrat middens from Sevilleta LTER, New Mexico, suggest that late Pleistocene summers were as wet as today{\textquoteright}s, and/or that storm tracks could have shifted, bringing in more tropical moisture than currently.}, url = {http://ezproxy.library.arizona.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=736806701\&sid=12\&Fmt=2\&clientId=43922\&RQT=309\&VName=PQD}, author = {Pendall, Elise Gislaine} } @mastersthesis {550, title = {A Dendroecological Assessment of Whitebark Pine in the Sawtooth Salmon River Region Idaho}, volume = {Master of Science}, year = {1995}, pages = {56}, school = {University of Arizona}, address = {Tucson}, abstract = {

Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) tree-ring chronologies of 700 to greater than 1,000 years in length were developed for four sites in the Sawtooth-Salmon River region, central Idaho. These ring-width chronologies are used to (1) assess the dendrochronological characteristics of this species, (2) detect annual mortality dates of whitebark pine attributed to a widespread mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk.) epidemic during the 1909 to 1940 period, and (3) establish the response of whitebark pine tree ring-width growth to climate variables. Crossdating of whitebark pine tree-ring width patterns was verified. Ring-width indices had low mean sensitivity (0.123-0.174) typical of high elevation conifers in western North America, and variable first order autocorrelation (0.206-0.551). Mortality of dominant whitebark pine caused by mountain pine beetle had a maxima at 1930 on all four sites. Response functions and correlation analyses with state divisional weather records indicate that above average radial growth is positively correlated with winter and spring precipitation and inversely correlated with April temperature. These correlations appear to be a response to seasonal snowpack. Whitebark pine is a promising species for dendroclimatic studies.

}, keywords = {dendrochronology, dendroclimatology, dendroctonus ponderosae, dendroecology, idaho, pine beetle, pinus albicaulis, sawtooth salmon river, tree ring, whitebark pine}, author = {Perkins, Dana Lee} } @mastersthesis {546, title = {Development of Anatomical Tree-Ring Chonologies from Southern Arizona Conifers using Image Analysis}, volume = {PhD}, year = {1990}, school = {University of Arizona}, abstract = {Climatic influences on the anatomical features of the last-formed latewood tracheids of southern Arizona conifers were examined using video image analysis. Video image analysis was shown to be a feasible method to obtain tracheid dimensions from tree rings. It also proved to be a precise method for measuring tree-ring density as a relative quantity (the lumen area percent, LUM\%). Two cores from each of five ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) were analyzed to obtain chronologies of radial and tangential diameter, lumen, cell wall and total areas, and LUM\% in a range of 87-276 years. A fast and reliable sample preparation techniques using a sliding microtome was used to obtain microsections for the image analysis. Missing values for absent rings were estimated using stepwise regression with other non-missing series. Because no obvious biological trends were found for the mature periods, mean line fits were used for the standardization after removing the juvenile portions. Due to the large variabilities within and between trees, the anatomical chronologies possessed much weaker common signals than the ring-width or density chronologies. This indicated that a large number of cores per tree or trees per site should be taken to compensate for the biological heterogeneity in wood structure. The year-to-year variations in the anatomical chronologies were diverse, and autocorrelations were relatively high. Response function analyses revealed that most anatomical chronologies possessed a higher association with climatic variations than the ring-width or density chronologies. Reduced moisture stress during the early growing season, and high precipitation for the late growing season, induced high radial enlargement, consequently, greater tracheid area of the last-formed latewoods. The influence of climate on the tangential enlargement was inconsistent. Cell wall thickening was enhanced first by high precipitation for the prior growing season, then by low temperature for the growing season and by high October temperature. The effects of the cell enlargement were mixed with the effects of cell wall thickening in the lumen area \% or maximum latewood density variation.}, keywords = {Watershed Management}, url = {http://ezproxy.library.arizona.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=744327611\&sid=2\&Fmt=2\&clientId=43922\&RQT=309\&VName=PQD}, author = {Park, Wonkyu} } @mastersthesis {547, title = {Dendrochronology of Point of Pines}, volume = {MA}, year = {1967}, school = {University of Arizona}, abstract = {Analysis of 2,276 tree-ring specimens from 18 archaeological sites in the Point of Pines area produced 454 dates for six sites. Most of the 430 dates from the Point of Pines ruin are for the interval from 1270 to 1285; most of the 18 dates from Turkey Creek pueblo cluster in the 1230{\textquoteright}s and 1240{\textquoteright}s. The dated tree-ring specimens that had been previously interpreted as artifacts that may have been brought into point of Pines from another locality are considered to constructed boards from large old local trees{\textellipsis}}, author = {Parker, Marion L.} } @mastersthesis {528, title = {A Comparative Anatomical Study on the Effects of Mutant Genes on the Pericarp and Seed Coat of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)}, volume = {MS}, year = {1966}, school = {University of Arizona}, abstract = {Achenes of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) exhibiting the normal or wild type hull and the mutations for thin-hull (th), brown striped-hull (stp), gray striped-hull (gs), pigmentless (p), and light seed coat (lt) were separately and in various combinations studied anatomically to correlate the external appearance of the hull with its internal anatomy. The hull of the mature normal safflower achene was found to be composed of a pericarp, seed coat, and a one cell layer of endosperm. In studying transverse sections of the hull, the pericarp was found to be made up of two highly sclerified layers separated by a countinuous phytomelanin layer, and the seed coat was composed of a dark brown multiple outer epidermis, a layer of parenchyma cells, and an inner epidermis of crushed cells. The one cell layer of endosperm was centripetal and adnate to the seed coat. Mutations were found to differ from the normal-hull in the degree of thickness, localization of thickness, lignification, and compression of the sclerenchyma layers of the pericarp. They also differed in the absence and localization of the phytomelanin layer, the color of the outer epidermis of the integument, and the degree of thickness of the parenchymous layer of the integument.}, author = {Lockwood, Tommie E.} } @mastersthesis {570, title = {The Differentiation of Tracheary Elements from the Cambium of Pinus Edulis Engelm: The Correlation of Differentiation with Measured Ring Width and Environmental Factors}, volume = {MS}, year = {1965}, school = {University of Arizona}, abstract = {

This study was undertaken to determine by means of thin sections, the sequence of tracheid production in pinyon pine and to compare these findings with instrumental measurements of radial increases and with phonological observations\…

}, author = {Stokes, M.} } @article {790, title = {Tree Rings and Climatic Cycles, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Astronomical Studies}, volume = {XXIV}, year = {1944}, publisher = {University of Arizona}, address = {Tucson}, keywords = {astronomy, climate, dating, dendrochronology, Douglass, environment, fraternity, historic, tree ring, tree ring laboratory}, author = {Peterson, Roy M. and Douglass, A.E.} } @book {753, title = {Climate from Tree Rings}, note = {

Copies of this are available in the Tree Ring Laboratory. Please contact the curator for more information. pcreasman@ltrr.arizona.edu

}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, organization = {Cambridge University Press}, keywords = {climate, dendrochronology, paleoclimatology, tree rings}, author = {Hughes, M.K. and LaMarche, V.C. and Pilcher, J.R. and Kelly, P.M.} }