<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margolis, Ellis Quinn</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swetnam, T.</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fire History and Fire Climate Relationships in Upper Elevation Forests of the Southwestern United States</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School of Natural Resources</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMO</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendroclimatology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENSO</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire history</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">madrean sky islands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mogollon plateau</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mountain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PDO</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teleconnection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">upper elevation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watershed Management</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ezproxy.library.arizona.edu/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1375523671&amp;sid=1&amp;Fmt=2&amp;clientId=43922&amp;RQT=309&amp;VName=PQD.</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ph.D</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Fire history and fire-climate relationships of upper elevation forests of the southwestern United States are imperative for informing management decisions in the face of increased crown fire occurrence and climate change. I used dendroecological techniques to reconstruct fires and stand-replacing fire patch size in Madrean Sky Islands and Mogollon Plateau. Reconstructed patch size (1685-1904) was compared with contemporary patch size (1996-2004). Reconstructed fires at three sites had stand-replacing patches totaling &amp;gt; 500 ha. No historical stand-replacing fire patches were evident in the mixed conifer/aspen forests of the Sky Islands. Maximum stand-replacing fire patch size of modern fires (1129 ha) was greater than that reconstructed from aspen (286 ha) and spruce-fir (521 ha). Updated spruce-fir patches may be evidence of larger (&amp;gt;2000ha) stand-replacing fire patches.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To provide climatological context for fire history I used correlation and regionalization analyses to document spatial and temporal variability in climate regions, and El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) teleconnections using 273 tree-ring chronologies (1732-1979). Four regions were determined by common variability in annual ring width. The component time score series replicate spatial variability in 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century droughts (e.g., 1950&amp;rsquo;s) and pluvials (e.g., 1910&amp;rsquo;s). Two regions were significantly correlated with instrumental SOI and AMO, and three with PDO. Sub-regions within the southwestern U.S. varied geographically between the instrumental (1900-1979) and the pre-instrumental periods (1732-1899). Mapped correlations between ENSO, PDO and AMO, and tree-ring indices illustrate detailed sub-regional variability in teleconnections.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I analyzed climate teleconnections, and fire-climate relationships of historical upper elevation fires from 16 sites in 8 mountain ranges. I tested for links between Palmer Drought Severity Index and tree-ring reconstructed ENSO, PDO and AMO phases (1905-1978 and 1700-1904). Upper elevation fires (115 fires, 84 fire years, 1623-1904) were compared with climate indices. ENSO, PDO, and AMO affected regional PDSI, but AMO and PDO teleconnections changed between periods. Fire occurrence was significantly related to inter-annual variability in PDSI, precipitation, ENSO, and phase combinations of ENSO and PDO, but not AMO (1700-1904). Reduced upper elevation fire (1785-1840) was coincident with a cool AMO phase.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dissertation</style></work-type><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Please contact the Laboratory of Tree Ring Research for a copy of this dissertation. The file is too large to be uploaded at this time.&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaib, J. Mark</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swetnam, T.</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fire History in Riparian Canyon Pine-Oak Forests and the Intervening Desert Grasslands of the Southwest Borderlands: A Dendroecological, Historical, and Cultural Inquiry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">School of Renewable Natural Resources</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">apache</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">borderland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cultural</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendroecological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">desert grassland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethnoecological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire history</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">historical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mexico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peacetime</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">post settlement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">riparian</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spanish</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wartime</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watershed Management</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MS</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Dendroecological, documentary, and ethnoecological evidence were combined to provide an integrated understanding of past natural and cultural fires in the Southwest Borderlands. Fire frequency for the desert grasslands was inferred from synchronous intercanyon fire events. Mean fire intervals range between 4-8 years in canyon pine-oak forests, 4-9 years in the intervening desert grasslands, and 5-9 years in the mixed-conifer forests. Riparian canyon pine-oak forests were important corridors for fire spread between the desert grasslands and higher-elevation forests. The decline of post-settlement (&amp;gt;1870s) fires typical of most forests in U.S., is not evident south of the border in Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Documentary evidence reveals the Apache had detailed knowledge of fire, that burning practices were controlled and limited, and ecosystem enhancement through intentional burning was not suggested. However, the common exception was burning practiced during wartime periods, principally by the Apache but also by the Spanish, Mexicans, and later Americans. Fire reconstructions indicate that wartime-period fires were significantly more frequent than peacetime periods at several canyon-rancherÍa sites.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronald H. Towner</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Directory of Tree-Ring Dated Native American Sites in the American Southwest</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">apache</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">directory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">native american</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">navajo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pueblo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quandrangle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">site</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ute</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/1993</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catherine M. Cameron</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Directory of Tree-Ring Dated Prehistoric Sites in the American Southwest</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochrononology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">directory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">native american</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prehistoric</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quadrangle series</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">site</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1991</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southwestern Region</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radical Growth Losses in Douglas-Fir and White Fir Caused by Western Spruce Budworn in Northern New Mexico: 1700 to 1983</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">budworm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">douglas fir</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth loss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">new mexico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pest management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">report</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spruce</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">white fir</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1985</style></year></dates><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copies of this are available in the Tree Ring Laboratory. Please contact the lab for more information. </style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dean, Jeffrey S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Expanded Tree-Ring Chronologies for the Southwestern United States</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronology Series III</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chronologies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwestern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">united states</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1978</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dean, Jeffrey S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dendroclimatic Variability in the American Southwest A.D. 680 to 1970</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendroclimatology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">department</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">interior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">national park service</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">paleoclimate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">report</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">variability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1977</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/1977</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harrill, Bruce G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warren, Richard L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from Arizona H-I Flagstaff Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flagstaff</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1975</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harrill, Bruce G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from Colorado V Mesa Verde Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colorado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mesa verde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1974</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harrill, Bruce G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warren, Richard L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from New Mexico B Chaco-Gobernador Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chaco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gobernador</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">new mexico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1974</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harrill, Bruce G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warren, Richard L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from New Mexico J-K,P,V Santa Fe-Pecos-Lincoln Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lincoln</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">new mexico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pecos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santa Fe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1973</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bannister, Bryant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from Arizona U-W Gila-Salt Rivers Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gila river</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree rings</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1971</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bannister, Bryant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warren, Richard L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from New Mexico A,G-H Shiprock-Zuni-Mt. Taylor Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mt taylor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">new mexico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">shiprock</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">zuni</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1970</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bannister, Bryant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hannah, John W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from New Mexico M-N,S,Z Southwestern New Mexico Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">new mexico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1970</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bannister, Bryant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William, Robinson J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warren, Richard L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from Arizona J Hopi Mesas Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopi mesas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1967</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bannister, Bryant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hannah, John W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, William J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree-Ring Dates from Arizona K Puerco--Wide Ruin--Ganado Area</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">date</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puerco wide ruin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1966</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breternitz, David Alan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Archaeological Interpretation of Tree-Ring Specimins for Dating Southwestern Ceramic Styles</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anthropology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ceramic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">indiginous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lasting phenomenon of traded ceramics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pottery</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">site</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spanish entrada</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">specimen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trade</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1963</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1963</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Arizona</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tucson</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doctor of Philosophy</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;The interpretation of approximately 5715 dated tree-ring specimens from about 342 archaeological sites in the American Southwest is the basis for &amp;ldquo;dating&amp;rdquo; the pottery types found in association. The time involved spans the period from the introduction of fired ceramics to the Spanish Entrada, approximately A.D. 1550.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;The provenience and site situation information for both the dated tree-ring specimens and the associated pottery is tabulated for each site and site-area which has tree-ring dates, except when these data are accessible in the literature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;Criteria for establishing the validity of the association and provenience of the tree-ring specimens and the pottery are formulated. The interpretation and evaluation of the validity of these dates and associations is the basis for &amp;ldquo;dating&amp;rdquo; the various pottery types. The occurrence of pottery in &amp;ldquo;Indigenous&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Trade&amp;rdquo; situation is presented separately; the pottery types in these categories are dated separately, in so far as possible, and then evaluated in terms of total distribution and context. Approximately 325 pottery types, varieties, and ceramic categories are dated on the basis of archaeological associations with tree-ring specimens. The data presented do not change the gross time placements of previous workers, but they do (1) refine some pottery dates, (2) reject others, and (3) give differing validity to additional ceramic dates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;The concept of &amp;ldquo;pottery type&amp;rdquo; is used as the analytical unit for dating Southwestern ceramics. The concept of &amp;ldquo;Ceramic Style&amp;rdquo; represents synthesis at a higher level of abstraction and does not lend itself to dating based on tree-ring material.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;A progressive increase in the amount and range of traded pottery is noted through time. The increase in the distribution of various pottery types after about A.D. 1250 is also accompanied by an increase in attempts to make local copies of certain pottery types obtained by trade.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;Decorated pottery types which occur as trade products tend to persist in later archaeological contexts and this situation is discussed as the &amp;ldquo;Lasting Phenomenon of Traded Ceramics.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left:.5in;&quot;&gt;Southwestern pottery is distributed in prehistoric times on the basis of hand-to-hand or person-to-person contact and although the amount of trade and the spatial dispersal increase in time, particularly after 1250, this trade never reaches the same degree of institutionalization that is seen in Mesoamerica.&amp;nbsp; An associated feature is an emphasis on the trading of small, decorated vessels, as opposed to large, utility or undecorated, ceramic containers.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass, A.E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crossdating at Mesa Verde National Park</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Forestry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crossdating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">historic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mesa verde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1942</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">No. 4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copies of this are available through the Tree Ring Laboratory; please contact the lab for more information. </style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree Rings Nature's Calendar for the Archaeologist</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Field Museum News</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dendrochronology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">historic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1940</style></year></dates></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass, A.E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dating Pueblo Bonito and Other Ruins of the Southwest</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Geographic Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pueblo bonito</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ruins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1935</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Geographic Society</style></publisher><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Copies of this article are available in the Tree Ring Laboratory. Please contact the curator for more information. pcreasman@ltrr.arizona.edu&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>19</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass, A.E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secret of the Southwest Solved by Talkative Tree Rings </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Geographic Magazine</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hopi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">national geographic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree rings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">zuni</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1929</style></year></dates></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass, A.E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Some Topographic and Climatic Characters in the Annual Ring of the Yellow Pines and Sequoias of the Southwest </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">annual</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">characters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sequoias</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">topographic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree rings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">yellow pine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1922</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LXI</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">No. 2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>19</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass, A.E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dating Our Prehistoric Ruins</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural History</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archaeology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Douglass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">historic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prehistoric</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ruins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southwest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree ring</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1921</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XXI</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">No.1 </style></issue></record></records></xml>