Climate change, invasive species and other global challenges are agents of selection that are affecting the ecology and evolution of foundation plant species (cottonwood, pine, eucalypts). These impacts cascade to affect whole communities of associated species and their ecosystem processes. Using observational studies in the wild and common garden experiments we partition genetic and environmental variation and show how gene by environmental interactions are redefining communities composed of 1000s of species. Using an array of common gardens where the same genotypes, populations and mul
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