Tree-Ring Talk

State-of-the-art radiocarbon measurements to study Earth's carbon cycle

The development of high-precision, rapid through-put radiocarbon dating for small samples via a compact accelerator mass spectrometer — the MIni CArbon DAting System (MICADAS) — has opened a wide variety of new possibilities for next generation radiocarbon studies. This talk will explain the basics of the instrumentation (which will be installed in the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research in 2024) and explore a variety of examples of the ways in which it can be used to explore the carbon cycle and beyond.

Using the Vaganov-Shaskin growth model to infer climate limitations of tree growth

A four-century extension of the long BC conifer chronology in the eastern Mediterranean and other additions

Some 29 newly-reanalyzed data sets from Turkey, Greece, and Cyprus have allowed the extension of the long BC conifer chronology, which begins in the early 30th century BC and which has been stalled for years in the middle of the 8th century BC, down three and a half centuries to 307 BC. Our so-called “Roman Gap” is getting shorter.

Modelling explosive volcanic eruptions from proximal hazards to global climate disruption

Note that this talk was rescheduled from Wednesday April 19 at noon.

Snapshots of a warmer North from ancient buried wood deposits in subarctic Canada and Alaska

Buried wood in arctic and subarctic North America, preserved in diverse depositional settings, provide glimpses of past landscapes and environmental change. In the Yukon and Alaska, ancient forest remains exposed in mining cuts and river bluffs help us understand how permafrost behaved during persistent warming of the last interglaciation ~125,000 years ago.

Ceci n’est pas un arbre: How to draw a functional tree.

Tree-ring growth is a daily scaled process, where endogenous and environmental components orchestrate wood formation through a series of developmental events that can be monitored studying plant phenology. Recent studies demonstrate that the temporal dynamics of wood formation inferred from phenology monitoring are excellent markers of tree sensitivity to weather and climate fluctuations. Encompassing for acclimation and adaptation components, wood developmental dynamics provide indeed for excellent metrics to predict tree-ring growth and productivity.

Tree growth and hydrology in Southeastern South America: how tree rings reveal the history of climate and streamflow in Uruguay

Tree-ring research is expanding into savanna and grassland biomes, where trees are a relatively scarce yet valuable source of historical data on climate history.

Linking science and policy: building bridges between research and decision making

In the face of current societal, public health, and environmental challenges, the use of science in public policy is more critical than ever. Understanding the process and practicalities of how environmental systems work is critical for predicting and managing systems in an ever-changing climate. Similarly, understanding the process and practicalities of local, state, and federal policy allows scientists and science-policy professionals to effectively engage in the policy process.

Synchronism, causality and determinism in wood formation: a question of time

Trees synchronize the cycles of growth and dormancy with the seasonal variations in weather, an essential aspect in ecosystems characterized by wide differences between seasons favorable and unfavorable to the physiological activities. Wood formation, or xylogenesis, is a complex and fascinating example of an intermittent growth process sensitive to temperature that can be studied at several time scales. The period of wood formation is the time window during which the xylem is under differentiation.

Assessing the climate feedbacks of U.S. Southwestern dryland forests and woodlands.

Like other dryland regions around the world, the U.S. Southwest is on a steep trajectory towards a hotter and drier climate. Among the most conspicuous effects of this drying are large-scale vegetation transitions towards sparser systems and lower growth forms. Such structural transformations will have far-reaching consequences for ecosystem functioning and for the climate feedbacks of dryland vegetation. These feedbacks remain undervalued and understudied in a climate mitigation context, because drylands sequester less carbon per area compared to more mesic systems.

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