“How and why does climate vary on interannual to century time scales?” I view this as the central question of what I call “meso-climatology”. This approach overlaps with but differs from “neo-climatology” in which models arise from consideration of first principles and large masses of directly observed instrumental data on the atmosphere, land surface, oceans and cryosphere. The difference arises primarily by virtue of decreasing data density with antiquity and an interannual to millennial perspective. It is less often recognized that meso-climatology also differs in important respects from “paleo-climatology”, where changes in the boundary conditions of the climate system impose very large scale changes that that can be well captured at a relatively small number of locations, such as the onset and retreat of the Pleistocene glaciations. As a result of the relatively small changes in climate that occurred over the Holocene, it is much less likely that uniform, global responses will be observed, and so it is necessary to build relatively dense networks of proxy climate records of annual or close to annual resolution.
I have focused on contributing to the building large scale (continental to global) networks of “proxy” climate records with defined chronology, temporal resolution and climate signal. In support of this general aim I work to:
a) establish new kinds of tree ring record (new species, new regions, new variables) that may be used, in combination with other records, to “thencast” the behavior of the climate system. Recently I have mainly cooperated Drs. Matthew Salzer (LTRR), Andy Bunn (Western Washington University) and Kurt Kipfmueller (University of Minnesota and other colleagues on the expansion, enhancement and updating of millennial and multimillennial chronologies of bristlecone pine and its congeners. I continue to work on hemispheric and global climate reconstructions.
b) use climate reconstructions or “thencasts” to raise questions about the behavior of the climate system. These questions not only apply to the nature of the 20th century in comparison to earlier periods, but also to the potential existence of multimillennial “regimes” at the scale of the Pacific Basin and perhaps on even larger scales.
d) base this on improved understanding of the mechanisms controlling tree-ring variability, primarily in collaboration with Academician Eugene Vaganov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Michael Evans (University of Maryland) and Dr. Kevin Anchukaitis (Columbia University). The prime focus of our collaboration has been the further development and testing of a model of the environmental control of tree-ring formation. A separate model for the simulation of tree-ring chronology building and the detection of time-dependent biases in tree-ring chronologies is under development with Dr. Kurt Kipfmueller of the University of Minnesota.
Teaching
2010 Spring Semester Honors Freshman Colloquium “Feeling the pulse of the planet”
2010 Presession (late-May/Early June) Tree-Ring Summer School.
Honors
1969-71 University Research Fellow, University of Durham
1992-3 Visiting Fellow, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder
1998 Fellow, American Geophysical Union
1999-2000 Bullard Fellow, Harvard University
2006 Galileo Circle Fellow, University of Arizona
2007 Regents’ Professor, University of Arizona
2007-8 Visiting Fellow, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado-Boulder
2008 Visiting Faculty Fellow, National Center for Atmospheric Research.
2009 Chair-elect, Section E, Geology and Geography, AAAS
2010 Chair, Section E, Geology and Geography, AAAS
Publications (* indicates peer-reviewed)
In press
145. Bunn, A.G., Hughes, M.K. and Salzer, M.W. Topographically Modified Tree-Ring Chronologies as a Potential Means to Improve Paleoclimate Inference. Climate Change Letters. *
144. Tolwinski-Ward, S., Evans, M.N., Hughes, M.K. and Anchulaitis, K.J. An Efficient Forward Model of the Climate Controls on Interannual Variation in Tree-Ring Width. Climate Dynamics.*
2010
143. Hughes, M.K., Guiot, J. and Ammann., C.M. An emerging paradigm: process-based climate reconstructions. PAGES Newsletter. Volume 18, number 2. pp 87-89 (2010)
142. Hughes, M.K., Diaz, H.F. and Swetnam, T.W. Tree Rings and Climate: Sharpening the Focus. In: Hughes, MK, Swetnam, TW and Diaz, HF, (editors) Dendroclimatology: Progress and Prospects. (Springer Verlag). pp 331-353 (2011)
141. Hughes, M.K. Dendroclimatology in High-Resolution Paleoclimatology. In: Hughes, MK, Swetnam, TW and Diaz, HF, (editors) Dendroclimatology: Progress and Prospects. (Springer Verlag). pp 17-36 (2011)
140. Hughes, M.K., Swetnam, T.W. and Diaz, H.F. (editors) Dendroclimatology: Progress and Prospects. (Springer Verlag). xii + 365pp. (2011)
2009
139. Mann, M.E., Zhihua Zhang, Rutherford S, Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K. Shindell, D., Ammann, C., Faluvegi, G., Fenbiao Ni. Global Signatures and Dynamical Origins of the “Little Ice Age” and “Medieval Climate Anomaly”. Science. 326: 1256-1260 (2009)
138. Salzer, M.W., Hughes, M.K., Bunn, A. and Kipfmueller, K. F. Recent unprecedented tree-ring growth in bristlecone pine at the highest elevations and possible causes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0903029106 (2009)*
137. Hughes, M.K. and Ammann, C.M. The future of the past—an earth system framework for high resolution paleoclimatology: editorial essay. Climatic Change, 94, 247-259 (2009).
2008
136. Hughes, M.K. and Diaz, H.F. Climate Variability and Change in the Drylands of Western North America. Global and Planetary Change. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.005 (2008).*
135. Mann, M.E., Zhihua Zhang, Hughes, M.K.Bradley, R.S., Miller, S., Rutherford, S. and Fenbiao Ni. Proxy-Based Reconstructions of Hemispheric and Global Surface Temperature Variations over the Past Two Millennia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. 105:13252-13257 (2008).*
2007
134. Sidorova, O.V, Vaganov, E.A., Naurzbaev, M.M., Shishov, V.V., Hughes, M.K. Regional Features of the Radial Growth of Larch in North Central Siberia According to Millennial Tree-Ring Chronologies. Russian Journal of Ecology. 38: 90–93 (2007).
133. Graham, N. and Hughes, M.K. Reconstructing the Medieval Mono Lake low stands. The Holocene 17: 1197–1210 (2007)*
132. Salzer, M.W. and Hughes, M.K. Bristlecone Pine Tree Rings and Volcanic Eruptions over the Last 5000 Years. Quaternary Research 67: 57-68 (2007).
131. Graham, N., Hughes, M.K., Ammann, C.A., Cobb, K., Hoerling, M.P., Kennett, D., Kennett J., Rein, B., Wigand, P.E., Stott L. and Taiyi Xu Increasing Tropical Pacific-midlatitude teleconnections in mediaeval times. Climatic Change DOI 10.1007/s10584-007-9239-2 (2007).
130. Meko, D.M. Woodhouse, C.A., Baisan, C.A., Knight, T., Lukas, J.J., Hughes, M.K., and Salzer, M.W. Medieval drought in the Upper Colorado Basin. Geophysical Research Letters 34: DOI: 10.1029/2007GL029988 (2007)*
129. Malamud-Roam, F., Dettinger, M., Ingram, B.L., Hughes, M.K., Florsheim, J. Holocene climates and connections between the San Francisco Bay estuary and its watershed: a review. San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 5 (1) , Article 3. http://repositories.cdlib.org/jmie/sfews/vol5/iss1/art3 (2007).*
2006
128. Kirdyanov, A., Vaganov, E.A., Hughes, M.K. Separating the climate signal from tree-ring width and maximum latewood density records. Trees DOI: 10.1007/s00468-006-0094-y (2006)*
127. Evans, M.N., Reichert, B.K., Kaplan, A., Vaganov, E.A., Hughes, M.K., and Cane, M.A. A forward modeling approach to paleoclimatic interpretation of tree-ring data. J. Geophys. Res., 111, G03008, doi:10.1029/2006JG000166 (2006) *
126. Malamud-Roam, F., Ingram, B.L., Hughes, M.K., Florsheim, J. Holocene paleoclimate records from a large California estuarine system and its watershed region: linking watershed climate and bay conditions. Quaternary Science Reviews 25,1570-1598. (2006)*
125. Anchukaitis, K.J., M.N. Evans, A. Kaplan, E.A. Vaganov, M.K. Hughes, H.D. Grissino-Mayer,and M.A. Cane, Forward modeling of regional-scale tree-ring patterns in the southeastern United States and the recent emergence of summer drought stress, Geophysical Research Letters, 33(4), L04705, 10.1029/2005GL025050. (2006)*
124. Vaganov, E.A., Hughes, M.K., and Shashkin, A.V. Growth Dynamics of Conifer Tree Rings: Images of Past and Future Environments. Springer Verlag. (2006).
2005
123. Garfin, G.M. Hughes, M.K., Liu Yu, Burns,J.M., Touchan, R. Leavitt, S.W., An Zhisheng. Temperature and Precipitation Reconstructions from the Qinling Mountains, North-Central China. Tree-Ring Research 61, 59-72 (2005)*
122. Yu Liu, Qiufang Cai, Jiangfeng Shi, M.K. Hughes, J.E. Kutzbach, Zhengyu Liu, Fenbiao Ni, and Zhisheng An. Seasonal precipitation in the south-central Helan Mountain region, China, reconstructed from tree-ring width for the past 224 yearsCanadian Journal of Forest Research 35:: 2403–2412 (2005)*
121. Touchan R, Funkhouser G, Hughes MK, Erkan N (2004) Standardized precipitation indices reconstructed from tree-ring width for the Turkish region. Climatic Change 72(3), 339-353, (2005)*
120. Touchan, R., Xoplaki, E., Funkhouser, G., Luterbacher, J., Hughes, M.K., Erkan, N., Akkemik, U., Stephan, J. Reconstructions of Spring/Summer Precipitation for the Eastern Mediterranean from Tree- Ring Widths and its Connection to Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation. Climate Dynamics25: 75-98 (2005)*
119. Rutherford, S., Mann, M.E., Osborn, T.J., Bradley, R.S., Briffa, K.R., Hughes, M.K., Jones, P.D. Proxy-based Northern Hemisphere surface temperature reconstructions: sensitivity to methodology, predictor network, target season, and target domain. Journal of Climate. 18, 2308-2329 (2005).*
2004
118. Hughes, M.K. Interannual-scale to Century-scale Climatic Variability in Western North America. In. Murphy, D.D. and Stine, P.A., editors. Proceedings of the Sierra Nevada Science Symposium; 2002. October 7 – 10; Kings Beach, CA. Ge Tech Rep. PSW-GTR-193, Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture. Pp. 33-35. 2004
117. Naurzbaev, M. M., Hughes, M.K. and Vaganov, E.A. Tree-Ring Growth Curves as Sources of Climatic Information. Quaternary Research 62, 126-133, 2004*
116. Vaganov, E.A., Hughes, M.K., Silkin, P.P., and Nesvetailo, V.D. The Tunguska event in 1908: evidence from tree-ring anatomy. Astrobiology 4, 391-399, 2004*
115. Hughes, M.K., Swetnam, T.W. and Diaz, H.F. Tree Rings and Climate – Sharpening the Focus. Eos 85, 303-304, 2004.
2003
114. Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K. and Diaz, H.F. Climate in Medieval times. Science. 302: 404-405,2003
113. Mann, M.E., Ammann, C.M., Bradley, R.S., Briffa, K.R., Crowley, T.J., Hughes, M.K., Jones, P.D., Oppenheimer, M., Osborn, T.J., Overpeck, J. T., Rutherford, S., Trenberth, K.E., Wigley, T.M.L., Response to Comment on ‘On Past Temperatures and Anomalous Late 20th Century Warmth’, Eos, 84, 473, 2003.
112. Mann, M.E., Ammann, C.M., Bradley, R.S., Briffa, K.R., Crowley, T.J., Hughes, M.K., Jones, P.D., Oppenheimer, M., Osborn, T.J., Overpeck, J.T., Rutherford, S., Trenberth, K.E., Wigley, T.M.L., On Past Temperatures and Anomalous Late 20th Century Warmth,Eos, 84, 256-258, 2003.
111. Panyushkina, I.P., Hughes, M.K., Vaganov, E.A. and Munro, M.A.R. Summer temperature in northern Yakutia since AD 1642 reconstructed from radial dimensions of larch tracheids. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 33: 1-10 (2003)*
110. Kirdyanov, A., Hughes, M., Vaganov, E., Schweingruber, F., Silkin, P. The importance of early summer temperature and date of snow melt for tree growth in the Siberian Subarctic. Trees 17(1): 61-69 (2003).
109. Hughes, M.K. and G. Funkhouser. Frequency-dependent climate signal in upper and lower forest border trees in the mountains of the Great Basin. Climatic Change.59, 233-244 (2003)
108. Mann, M.E., Rutherford, S., Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K., Keimig, F.T., Optimal Surface Temperature Reconstructions using Terrestrial Borehole Data, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (D7), 4203, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002532 (2003)*
107. Dong, J. , R.K. Kaufmann, R.B. Myneni, C.J. Tucker, P.E. Kauppi, J.Liski, W. Buermann, V. Alexeyev, M.K. Hughes. Remote sensing estimates of boreal and temperate forest woody biomass: carbon pools, sources, and sinks. Remote Sensing of Environment 84, 393-410 (2003)*
106. Touchan, R., Garfin, G.M., Meko, D.M., Funkhouser, G., Erkan, N., Hughes, M.K. and Wallin, B.S.. Preliminary reconstructions of spring precipitation in Southwestern Turkey from tree-ring width. International Journal of Climatology, 23, 157-171 (2003)*
105. Bradley, R.S., K.R. Briffa, J. Cole, M.K. Hughes and T.J. Osborn, : The climate of the last millennium. In: Alverson, K., R.S. Bradley and T.F. Pedersen (eds.) Paleoclimate, Global Change and the Future. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 105-149 (2003)*.
2002
104. Shishov, V.V., Vaganov, E.A., Hughes, M.K. and Koretz, M.A. Spatial variations in the annual tree-ring growth in Siberia in the past century. Doklady Earth Sciences, 387, 1088-1091 (2002)
103. Tarhule, A. and Hughes, M.K. Tree-Ring Research in semi-arid West Africa: need and potential. Tree-Ring Research, 58, 31-46 (2002)*
102. Fenbiao Ni, Tereza Cavazos, Malcolm K. Hughes, Andrew C. Comrie, and Gary Funkhouser. Cool Season Precipitation in the Southwestern United States since AD 1000: Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Techniques for Reconstruction. International Journal of Climatology 22, 1645-1662 (2002)*
101. Sheppard, P., Andrew C Comrie, Gregg D Packin, Kurt Angersbach, Malcolm K Hughes. The climate of the US Southwest. Climate Research, 21, 219-238 (2002)*
100. Mann, M.E.and Hughes, M.K. Tree-Ring Chronologies and Climate Variability. Science: 2002 296: 848. (2002)
99. Hughes, M.K. Dendrochronology in climatology – the state of the art. Dendrochronologia, 20, 95-116 (2002)*
2001
98. Hughes, M.K. An improved reconstruction of summer temperature at Srinagar, Kashmir since 1660 AD, based on tree-ring width and maximum latewood density of Abies pindrow [Royle] Spach. Palaeobotanist: 50: 13-19 (2001)*
97. Mann, M.E., Bradley, R.S., Briffa, K., Cole, J., Hughes, M.K., Overpeck,J.T., Jones, J.M., von Storch, H., Widmann, M., Wanner, H., and S.L.Weber, Reconstructing Late Holocene Climate, Eos 82, 553, (2001)
96. Myneni, R.B., Dong, J., Tucker, C.J., Kaufmann, R.K., Kauppi, P.E., Liski, J., Zhou, L., Alexeyev, V. and Hughes, M.K. A large carbon sink in the woody biomass of northern forests. PNAS: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science: 98 (26): 14784-9 (2001)*
95. Bradley, R.S., Briffa, K.R., Crowley, T.J., Hughes, M.K., Jones, P.D. and Mann, M.E. The Scope of Medieval Warming. Science 292: 2011-2012 (2001)
94. Alverson, K. , Bradley, R.S., Briffa, K.R., Cole, J., Hughes, M.K., Larocque, I., Pedersen, T., Thompson, L. and Tudhope, S. A global paleoclimate observing system. Science 293: 47-48 (2001)
93. Meko, D.M., Therrell, M.D., Baisan, C.H. and Hughes, M.K. Sacramento River flow reconstructed to A.D. 869 from tree rings. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 37: 1029-1039 (2001)*
92. Hughes, M.K., Kuniholm, P.I., Eischeid, J.K., Garfin, G, Griggs, C.B. and Latini, C. Aegean tree-ring signature years explained. Tree-Ring Research 57: 67-73 (2001)*
2000
91. Vaganov, E. A. Naurzbaev M. M. and Hughes M. K. “Witnesses of Medieval Warm Period.” Priroda 12 : 54-57 (2000) (in Russian)
90. Vaganov, E. A. Hughes M. K. . Constraints to Growth of Boreal Forests: Reply to Jarvis and Linder. Nature 405: 904-5 (2000).*
89. Vaganov, E.A. and Hughes, M.K. Tree Rings and the Global Carbon Cycle. Problems of Ecological Monitoring and Ecosystem Modelling, XVII, 34-53 (2000)*
88. Mann, M.E., Gille, E., Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K., Overpeck, J.T., Keimig, F.T., Gross, W. Global Temperature Patterns in Past Centuries: An interactive presentation, Earth Interactions, 4-4, 1-29, (2000)*
87. Mann, M.E., R.S. Bradley, and M.K. Hughes, M.K., . Long-term variability in the El Niño Southern Oscillation and associated teleconnections. In: El Niño and the Southern Oscillation. Multiscale variability and Global and Regional Impacts (eds. H.F. Diaz & V. Markgraf). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. 357-412. (2000).*
86. Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K., and Mann, M.E. Comments on “Detection and Attribution of Recent Climate 2987-2990 Change: A Status Report”. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81, 2987-2990 (2000).
85. Conner, W.S., Schowengerdt, R.A., Munro, M.A.R, and Hughes, M.K. Engineering design of an image acquisition and analysis system, for dendrochronology. Optical Engineering, 39. 453-463 (2000)*
84. Boninsegna, J.A. and Hughes, M.K. Volcanic signals in temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring records for North and South America. In: Markgraf, Vera (Ed.) 2000. Interhemispheric Climate Linkages. Academic Press, San Diego. pp. 442. 141-154, (2000)*
83. Hughes, M.K., Mann M.E., and R.S.Bradley. 1000 years of Northern Hemisphere temperature from natural archives. Abstracts of PAGES Workshop on South Asian Paleoenvironments, Pune, India, February 4-5, 2000. pp 11-15. (2000).
82. Hughes, M.K., Mann M.E., and R.S.Bradley. Climate variability of the last 1000 years from annual-resolution natural archives. In: T. Mikami, Editor. Proceedings of CCV99, International Conference on Climate Change and Variability, Tokyo Metropolitan University, September 1999. International Geographical Union, Commission on Climatology. pp17-22, (2000).
1999
81. Vaganov E.A., Hughes M.K., Shashkin E.A., Arbatskaya M.K. Dendrochronological methods in evaluation of carbon cycle in forest ecosystems. In: Carbon Cycle on the Territory of Russia (G.A.Zavarzin, ed.), Moscow, Global Change Nat. Program, 1999: 96-123. (in Russ.).(1999)
80. Touchan, R. and Hughes, M.K. Dendrochronology in Jordan. Journal of Arid Environments, 42, 291-303 (1999)*
79. Vaganov, E.A., Hughes, M.K., Kirdyanov, A.V., Schweingruber, F.H., and Silkin, P.P. Influence of snowfall and melt timing on tree growth in subarctic Eurasia. Nature, 400, 149-151 (1999)*
78. Biondi, F. Perkins, D.L., Cayan, D.R., and Hughes, M.K. July temperature during the second millennium reconstructed from Idaho tree rings. Geophysical Research Letters , 26, 1445-1448 (1999)*
77. Hughes, M.K. Vaganov, E.A., Shiyatov, S., Touchan, R. and Funkhouser, G. Twentieth-century summer warmth in northern Yakutia in a 600 year context. The Holocene, 9, 603-608 (1999)*
76. Touchan, R., D. Meko, and M. K. Hughes A 396-Year Reconstruction of Precipitation in Southern Jordan. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 35, 49-59 (1999)*
75. Mann, M.E., Bradley, R.S. and Hughes, M.K., Northern Hemisphere Temperatures During the Past Millennium: Inferences, Uncertainties, and Limitations. Geophysical Research Letters , 26, 759-762 (1999)*
1998
74. Mann, M.E.,Raymond S. Bradley, Malcolm K. Hughes, and Philip D. Jones. Global Temperature Patterns. Science 280: 2027 (1998)
73. Damon, P.E., Eastoe, C.J., Hughes, M.K., Kalin, R.M., Long, A., and Peristykh, A.N. Secular variation of )14C during the Medieval Solar Maximum: a progress report. Radiocarbon, 40, 343-350 (1998)*
72. Mann, M.E., Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K. Global-Scale Temperature Patterns and Climate Forcing Over the Past Six Centuries, Nature, 392, 779-787 (1998)*
71. Hughes, M.K. and Funkhouser, G., Extremes of moisture availability reconstructed from tree rings for recent millennia in the Great Basin of Western North America. In, The Impacts of Climate Variability on Forests, M. Beniston and J. Innes (Editors). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Pp.99-107 (1998)*
1997
70. Mann, M.E., Bradley, R.S., Hughes, M.K., Large‑Scale Climatic Reconstructions Based on High‑Resolution Multi‑Proxy Data, Eighth Symposium on Global Change Studies, Long Beach, CA, February 1997. American Meteorological Society, Boston. pp221-226 (1997)
69. Biondi, F. Lange, C.B., Hughes, M.K. and Berger, W.H. The near-AD 1600 multi-proxy puzzle. Proceedings of the thirteenth annual Pacific Climate (PACLIM) Workshop. Editors C.M.Isaacs and V.L.Sharp. Technical report 53 of the Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento-San Joaquin estuary. pp 169-192. (1997)
68. Biondi, F., Lange, C.B., Hughes, M.K. and Berger, W.H. Interdecadal signals during the last millennium (AD 1117-1992) in the varve record of Santa Barbara Basin, California. Geophysical Research Letters, 24, 193-196. (1997)*
1996
67. Munro, M.A.R., Brown, P.M., Hughes, M.K. and Garcia, E.M. Image analysis of tracheid dimensions for dendrochronological use. In Tree Rings, Environment and Humanity. Editors, J.Dean, D.Meko and T.Swetnam. RADIOCARBON 1996 pp 843-852 (1996)*
66. Hughes, M.K. and Graumlich, L.J. Multimillennial dendroclimatic records from western North America. In’ Climatic variations and forcing mechanisms of the last 2000 years’ editors, R.S.Bradley, P.D.Jones and J.Jouzel. Springer Verlag, Berlin. 109-124 (1996)
65. Hughes, M. K., Touchan, R. and Brown, P. A multimillennial network of giant sequoia chronologies for dendroclimatology. In Tree Rings, Environment and Humanity Editors, J.Dean, D.Meko and T.Swetnam. RADIOCARBON 1996 pp 225-234 (1996)*
64. Hughes, M.K. Tree-ring analysis. In: Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather, ed. Stephen H. Schneider. Simon & Schuster, New York. pp 773-775 (1996)
63. Yu, L., Wu, X.D., Leavitt, S.L. and Hughes, M.K.. Stable carbon isotope in tree rings from Huangling, China and climatic variation. Science in China (Series D), 39, 152-161 (1996)
1995
62. Hughes, M.K. Role of dendrochronology in PAGES. Paleoclimate and environmental variability in Austral-Asian transect during the past 2000 years. Proceedings of the IGBP PAGES/PEP-II Symposium, Nagoya University, Japan, November 28-December 1, 1995. Editors T. Mikami, E. Matsumoto, S. Ohta and T.Sweda. pp 39-44 (1995)
61. Hughes, M.K. An overview of global climate over the last 1000 years. Paleoclimate and environmental variability in Austral-Asian transect during the past 2000 years. Proceedings of the IGBP PAGES/PEP-II Symposium, Nagoya University, Japan, November 28-December 1, 1995. Editors T. Mkami, E. Matsumoto, S. Ohta and T.Sweda. pp 98-102 (1995)
60. Leavitt, S.W., Yu, L., Hughes, M.K., Rongmo, L., Zhisheng, A., Gutierrez, G.M., Danzer, S.R., Xuemei, S.. A single‑year δ13C chronology from Pinus tabulaeformis (Chinese pine) tree rings at Huangling, China. In Cook, G.T., Harkness, D.D., Miller, B.F., and Scott, E.M., eds., Proceedings of the 15th International Radiocarbon Conference. Radiocarbon 37(2): 605‑610. (1995)*
59. Leavitt, S.W., Hughes, M.K., Liu Yu, and An Zhisheng. Stable carbon isotope tree-ring chronologies from Xian, China. In: Tree rings: from the past to the future. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Asian and Pacific dendrochronology, Tsukuba, Japan, 4-9 March 1995.editors S.Ohta, T.Fujii, N.Okada, M.K.Hughes and D.Eckstein. FFPRI Scientific Meeting Report 1: 182-186 (1995)
58. Hughes, M.K., Concluding address in Tree rings: from the past to the future.Proceedings of the International Workshop on Asian and Pacific Dendrochronology, Tsukuba, Japan, March 4th-9th, 1995, editors S.Ohta, T.Fujii, N.Okada, M.K.Hughes and D.Eckstein. FFPRI Scientific Meeting Report 1: 258-260 (1995)
57. Hughes, M.K., Tree rings and the challenge of global change research. Plenary lecture in Tree rings: from the past to the future. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Asian and Pacific Dendrochronology, Tsukuba, Japan, March 4th-9th, 1995, editors S.Ohta, T.Fujii, N.Okada, M.K.Hughes and D.Eckstein. FFPRI Scientific Meeting Report 1: 1-8 (1995)
56. Hughes, M.K. and Graumlich, L.J. Multimillennial dendroclimatic records from western North America. In’ Climatic variations and forcing mechanisms of the last 2000 years’ editors, R.S.Bradley, P.D.Jones and J.Jouzel. Springer Verlag, Berlin. 109-124 (1996)*
55. Hughes, M.K. Tree-ring evidence of surface temperature variation during the past 1000 years. Paläoklimaforschung, 16, 77-87 (1995)*
1994
54. Hughes, M.K. Lessons from past global change. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Global Change and Forests (Edited by Won‑Kyu Park, Frank W. Telewski and Je‑Su Kim). Korean Journal of Forest Energy 14(1), 23-34 (1994)
53. Hughes, M.K., Xiangding, Wu, Xuemei, Shao and Garfin, G.M. A preliminary reconstruction of rainfall in North-Central China since A.D. 1600 from tree-ring density and width. Quaternary Research, 41, 88-99 (1994)*
52. Hughes, M.K. and Diaz, H.F. Was there a Medieval Warm Period, and if so, where and when? Climatic Change, 26, 109-142 (1994)*
51. Hughes, M.K. and Diaz, H.F. (editors) The Medieval Warm Period. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. 234pp.(1994)
1993
50. Oleksyn, J. Fritts, H.C. and Hughes, M.K. Tree-ring analysis of different Pinus sylvestris provenances, Quercus robur, Larix decidua and L.decidua x L.kaempferi affected by air pollution. Arbor.Kornickie, 38, 87-111 (1993)
49. Meko, D.M., Cook, E.R., Stahle, D.W.,Stockton, C.W. and Hughes, M.K. Spatial patterns of tree-growth anomalies in the United States and southeastern Canada. Journal of Climate, 6, 1773-1786 (1993) *
1992
48. Bhattacharyya, A., LaMarche, V.C. and Hughes, M.K. Tree-ring chronologies from Nepal. Tree-Ring Bulletin, 52, 59-66 (1992)*
47. Brown, P. M., Hughes, M.K., Baisan, C.H., Swetnam, T.W. and Caprio, A.C. Giant sequoia ring width chronologies from the central Sierra Nevada, California. Tree-Ring Bulletin, 52, 1-14 (1992)*
46. Diaz, H.F., Markgraf, V. and Hughes, M.K. Synthesis and future prospects. In: El Niño: Historical and Paleoclimatic Aspects of the Southern Oscillation. editors, H.F.Diaz and V.Markgraf. Cambridge University press, Cambridge. pp 463-471 (1992)*
45. Hughes, M.K. and Brown, P.M. Drought frequency in central California since 101 B.C. recorded in giant sequoia tree rings. Climate Dynamics, 6, 161-167 (1992)*
44. Hughes, M.K. Dendroclimatic evidence from the Western Himalaya. In: Climate since AD 1500. Eds. R.S.Bradley and P.D.Jones. Routledge, London.pp:415-431 (1992)*
1991
43. Meko, D.M., Hughes, M.K. and Stockton, C.W. The science of global change and climate variability: the paleo record. In: Managing water resources under conditions of climate uncertainty. National Research Council, Washington, D.C.. pp.71-100 (1991)*
42. Hughes, M.K. The tree-ring record. In: Global changes of the past. Ed.R.S.Bradley. UCAR/Office of Interdisciplinary Earth Studies, Boulder. (1991)*
1990
41. Hughes, M.K., B.J.Richards, T.W.Swetnam, and C.H.Baisan. Can a climate record be extracted from Giant Sequoia tree rings? Proceedings of Sixth Annual Pacific Climate (PACLIM) Workshop, 1989. pp111-114 (1990)
1989
40. Kelly, P.M., M.A.R.Munro, M.K.Hughes and C.M.Goodess. Climate and signature years in West European Oaks. Nature, Lond., 340, 57-60 (1989)*
1988
39. Hughes, M.K. Ice-layer dating of eruption at Santorini.Scientific correspondence. Nature, Lond., 335,211-212 (1988)
38. Briffa, K. R., P. D. Jones, J. R. Pilcher and M. K. Hughes. Reconstructing summer temperatures in Northern Fennoscandia back to 1700 using tree-ring data from Scots pine. Arctic and Alpine Research, 20,385-394 (1988)*
1987
37. Briffa, K. R., T.M.L. Wigley, P. D. Jones, J. R. Pilcher and M. K. Hughes. Patterns of tree-growth and related pressure variability in Europe. Dendrochronologia, 5,35-58 (1987)*
36. Hughes, M. K. Dendroclimatology of Pinus sylvestris L. in the Scottish Highlands. In Applications of tree-ring studies: current research in dendrochronology and related areas. Ed. Ward, Rodney G. W., British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, 91-106, (1987)*
35. Hughes, M. K. Requirements for spatial and temporal coverage. In Methods of dendrochronology:East-West approaches Eds.Kairiukstis, L., Bednarz, Z. and Feliksik, E.,IIASA/Polish Academy of Sciences, 107-116 (1987)
34. Hughes, M. K. and A. C. Davies. Dendroclimatology in Kashmir using tree ring widths and densities in subalpine conifers. In Methods of dendrochronology:East-West approaches Eds.Kairiukstis, L., Bednarz, Z. and Feliksik, E., IIASA/Polish Academy of Sciences, 163-176 (1987)
1986
33. Briffa, K. R., T. M. L. Wigley, P. D. Jones, J. R. Pilcher and M. K. Hughes. The reconstruction of past circulation patterns over Europe using tree-ring data. University of East Anglia (1986)
32. Hughes, M. K. and P. A. Leggett. A medieval stone town house in Chester: dendrochronology. Journal of the Chester Archaeological Society,68,149-153 (1986)
1984
31. Hughes, M. K., F. H. Schweingruber, D. Cartwright and P. M.Kelly. July-August temperature at Edinburgh between 1721 and 1975 from tree-ring density and width data. Nature, Lond.,308,341-344 (1984)*
1983
30. Hughes, M. K. and P. A. Leggett. Two 12th-century wich houses in Nantwich, Cheshire:tree-ring dating of the timbers. Medieval Archaeology,XXVII,69-70 (1983)*
1982
29. Hughes, M. K. The dendrochronology of timbers from 28 Queen Street, Kings Lynn. East Anglian Archaeology, Report No. 14, 119-122 (1982)*
28. Pilcher, J. R. and M. K. Hughes. The potential of dendrochronology for the study of climate change. In Climatic change in later prehistory Ed. Harding, Anthony F. pp75-84 Edinburgh University Press (1982)*
27. Hodkinson, I. D. and M. K. Hughes. Insect Herbivory. Chapman and Hall (1982)
26. Hughes, M. K. Global data base:Asia. In Climate from Tree Rings Ed. Hughes, Malcolm K./Kelly, P. Michael/Pilcher, Jonathan R./LaMarche Jr., Valmore C. pp157-158 Cambridge University Press (1982)*
25. Hughes, M. K. Chronology development and analysis:comment. In Climate from Tree Rings Ed. Hughes, Malcolm K./Kelly, P.Michael/Pilcher, Jonathan R./LaMarche Jr., Valmore C. pp28-30 Cambridge University Press (1982)*
24. Hughes, M. K. and S. J. Milsom. The climate-growth response in tree-ring chronologies: comment. In Climate from Tree Rings Ed. Hughes, Malcolm K./Kelly, P. Michael/Pilcher, Jonathan R./LaMarche Jr., Valmore C. pp37-39 Cambridge University Press (1982)*
23. Hughes, M. K., P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher and V. C. LaMarche Jr., editors. Climate from Tree Rings. Cambridge University Press (1982)
1981
22. Hughes, M. K., S. J. Milsom and P. A. Leggett. Sapwood estimates in the interpretation of tree-ring dates. Journal of Archaeological Science,8,381-390 (1981)*
21. Hughes, M. K. Cycling of metals in ecosystems. In Effect of heavy metal pollution on plants Ed. Lepp, Nicholas W. pp95-118 Applied Science Publishers (1981)*
1980
20. Hughes, M. K., P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher and V. C. LaMarche Jr. Second International Workshop on Global Dendroclimatology:Report and Recommendations (1980)
19. Hughes, M. K., N. W. Lepp and D. A. Phipps. Aerial heavy metal pollution and terrestrial ecosystems. Advances in Ecological Research,11,218-327 (1980)*
1979
18. Hughes, M. K., B. Gray, J. R. Pilcher, M. G. Baillie and P. A.Leggett. Climatic signals in tree-ring chronologies for British Isles:reply. Nature, Lond.,278,283 (1979)*
1978
17. Hughes, M. K., P. A. Leggett, S. J. Milsom and F. A. Hibbert. Dendrochronology of oak in North Wales. Tree-Ring Bulletin, 38,15-23 (1978)*
16. Hughes, M. K. Tree-ring measurements as data. Abstr. 1st British Isles Tree Ring Colloquium,7-8 (1978)
15. Leggett, P. A., M. K. Hughes and F. A. Hibbert. A modern oak chronology from North Wales and its interpretation. In Dendrochronology in Europe Ed. Fletcher, John. pp187-194 British Archaeological Reports, International Series 51, (1978)*
14. Milsom, S. J. and M. K. Hughes. X-ray densitometry as a dendrochronological technique. In Dendrochronology in Europe Ed. Fletcher, John. pp317-234 British Archaeological Reports, International Series 51 (1978)*
13. Hughes, M. K., B. Gray, J. R. Pilcher, M. G. Baillie and P. A.Leggett. Climate signals in British Isles tree-ring chronologies. Nature,Lond.,272,605-606 (1978)*
1977
12. Hall, C. and M. K. Hughes. Cerenkov counting of Pb-210 in plant tissues. Newsletter on the Application of Nuclear Methods in Biology and Agriculture,8,3-4 (1977)
1976
11. Hughes, M. K. Damage to woody plants around a fertilizer factory: mapping and interpretation. In Proc. Kuopio meeting on plant damages caused by air pollution Ed. Karenlampi, L. pp133-137 (1976)
1975
10. Hall, C., M. K. Hughes, N. W. Lepp and G. J. Dollard. Cycling of heavy metals in woodland ecosystems. Proc. Int. Conf. Heavy Metals in the Environment, Toronto,227-246 (1975)
9. Hughes, M. K. Ground vegetation net production in a Danish beech wood. Oecologia, 18,251-258 (1975)*
1974
8. Hughes, M. K. The Urban Ecosystem. The Biologist,21,117-127 (1974)
1972
7. Hughes, M. K. and F. A. Hibbert. The ecological survey for the Central Lancashire New Town. C.L.D.C., Preston. (1972)
6. Hughes, M. K. and B. A. Whitton. Algae of Slapestone Sike, Upper Teesdale. Vasculum,LVII,30-35 (1972)
1971
5. Hughes, M. K. Seasonal calorific values from a deciduous woodland in England. Ecology,52,923-926 (1971)*
4. Hughes, M. K. Ground vegetation biocontent and net production in a deciduous woodland. Oecologia,7,127-137 (1971)*
3. Hughes, M. K. Tree biocontent, net production and litter fall in a deciduous woodland. Oikos,22,62-73 (1971)*
1970
2. Hughes, M. K. Ground vegetation and forest litter production. In Methods of study in soil ecology. Proceedings of the Paris Symposium. Ed. Phillipson, John. pp145-150 IBP/UNESCO (1970)
1969
1. Hughes, M. K. and E. Lincoln. A simple integrator for use with solarimeters.Oikos,20,161-165 (1969)*